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Report Title
The Church of St Peter, Pavenham, Bedfordshire: Archaeological Attendance, Observation, Analysis and Reporting
Publisher and Publication Year
Albion Archaeology - 2005
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Summary
Non-Technical Summary Albion Archaeology was commissioned by the Architect (Gotch Pearson), acting on behalf of the Parochial Church Council, to undertake a programme of archaeological works at the Church of St Peter, Pavenham, Bedfordshire. The work was undertaken during the excavation of a service trench through the churchyard. The work was carried out in accordance with a Brief issued by the Diocesan Archaeological Advisor (DAA) who advised that the development work should be subject to a precautionary programme of archaeological attendance, observation, recording and reporting. A large pit [204] found approximately 3m from the western end of the church was cut by one of the burials, indicating that it is probably one of the earliest feature recorded during the works. Two further pits [210] and [606] were cut into a layer of soil sealed beneath the construction of the modern path. Pit [210] contained a human bone and medieval pottery dated to the 12th or 13th century. It is possible that the pit was excavated for the reburial of bones disturbed by previous building work or grave digging. Ten burials were found, orientated E to W. Nine of these were encountered at depths of between 0.7m and 0.9m below the ground surface, cut into the undisturbed geological strata. Where grave cuts were visible, they were sealed beneath a layer of soil up to 0.6m deep. It is, however, possible that the upper parts of the grave cuts were not visible, due to the similarity of the grave fills with the overlying soil layer. A single much shallower burial was found only 0.25m below the ground surface, cut into the soil layer. Within the trench, there were no dense concentrations of burials, intercutting burials or groups of reburied bones (charnel). This suggests that this part of the graveyard was not used either intensively, or over an extended period for burial. Based on negative evidence, in this case an absence of any coffin fittings, it is suggested that the burials are likely to date from the medieval or early post-medieval period. The programme of archaeological attendance, observation and recording was undertaken between 7 September and 26 September 2005. The project archive, consisting of drawings, written records and photographs, currently held by Albion Archaeology, w be deposited at Bedford Museum, Accession Number BEDFM 2005.309. The burials and artefacts removed from the trench in the course of the work were reburied in the base of the trench before completion of the construction work. Albion Archaeology The Church of St Peter, Pavenham, Bedfordshire Precautionary Archaeological Attendance, Observation, Recording and Reporting 6 1. INTRODUCTION-----------------------------
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION 6 1.1 Background 6 1.2 Site Location and Description 6 1.3 Archaeological and Historical Background 6 2. METHODOLOGY 8 2.1 Introduction 8 2.2 Methodology 8 2.3 Nature of Development 8 3. RESULTS OF OBSERVATION AND RECORDING 94. SYNTHESIS 12 4.1 Discussion 12 4.2 Summary 13 5. BIBLIOGRAPHY 14 6. APPENDIX 15 6.1 Context Summary 15
Headings
The Parochial Church CouncilPreface
Structure of the Report
Key Terms
Non-Technical Summary
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Site Location and Description
1.3 Archaeological and Historical Background
2. METHODOLOGY
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Methodology
2 Archaeological deposits were investigated to determine stratigraphic
5 Significant features were recorded using a digital camera.
2.3 Nature of Development
3. RESULTS OF OBSERVATION AND RECORDING
3.1.1 Observations at west door of tower
3.1.2 Layers found across the whole area
Tarmac
3.1.3 Features cut through the soil layer
Pits
Burial
3.1.4 Features cut into geological strata
Burials
4. SYNTHESIS
4.1 Discussion
4.2 Summary
5. BIBLIOGRAPHY
6. APPENDIX
6.1 Context Summary
Precautionary Archaeological Attendance, Observation, Recording and Reporting