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Report Title

Honourable Artillery Company, City Road, London Borough of Islington: watching brief

Publisher and Publication Year

Wessex Archaeology - 2006

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Summary

Non Technical Summary Wessex Archaeology (London) was commissioned by Carden and Godfrey on behalf of the Honourable Artillery Company to carry out an archaeological watching brief on groundwork at the Armoury Room Project, the Honourable Artillery Company, City Road, EC1, in the London Borough of Islington, centred on NGR 532720 182188. The results of the watching brief reaffirm the development history of the Site, postulated in Wessex Archaeology's earlier evaluation (Wessex Archaeology, 2004) and the desk-based conservation plan (Wessex Archaeology, 2002) and is broadly similar to the sequence recorded in other archaeological works carried out in the area. The earliest evidence of human activity on Site comprised three sherds of residual Roman pottery uncovered in later post­medieval contexts. A series of rectangular quarry pits was uncovered, cut into the underlying brick earth and gravel deposits of the natural geology. Finds from the initial silting up of these features have given a medieval date for their abandonment. These pits were subsequently reused as rubbish pits and contained pottery dating to the 16th -17th centuries. The subsequent archaeological sequence on Site was characterised by a series of dumps and levelling deposits which sealed the quarry pits. These deposits, which have been dated to the 16th - 17th centuries, contained large quantities of ashes and coal fragments and were almost certainly derived from the raking out of domestic fires, domestic refuse and building rubble. Evidence of ironworking was also retrieved, but no associated structures were observed. No human remains were observed during the watching brief and it would appear that the former Bunh burial ground did not extend on to the Site. The watching brief found very few structural remains, those observed included the remains of a 19th century brick cess pit or soak away, several brick walls, a capped well and two brick lined culverts. Brick earth deposits were only present in the north eastern corner of the Site. This in situ deposit was observed to slope up towards the east (from 16.00m aOD to 16.30m aOD). Natural geological deposits comprising coarse sandy and clayey gravels were recorded across the entire Site, at a height of between 15.60m aOD and 15.40m aOD. iv HONOURABLE ARTILLERY COMPANY CITY ROAD LONDON BOROUGH OF ISLINGTON REPORT ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF10 APPENDIX 1: TRENCH SUMMARY TABLES All (+) indicate deposits/ features not fully excavated Trench 1 Context Description Type Depth (aOD) (+/- 50mm) 01 Wooden floor joist Construction 17.90m

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................5 1.1 Project Background ...................................................................................5 1.2 Planning Background ................................................................................5 1.3 Site Location, Topography and Geology..................................................5 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND .........................................................6 2.1 Introduction................................................................................................6
2.3 Romano-British (AD 43 - 410) ..................................................................6 2.4 Medieval (1066 - 1499)...............................................................................7 2.5 Post-Medieval / Modern (1500 to present)...............................................8 3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES...............................................................................10 4 PROJECT METHODS.....................................................................................11 4.1 Health and Safety.....................................................................................11 4.2 Methodological Standards.......................................................................11 4.3 Fieldwork ..................................................................................................12 4.4 Finds Collection and Retention...............................................................13 5 RESULTS...........................................................................................................13 5.1 Character of Sequence and Site Stratigraphy.......................................13 5.2 Natural Geology .......................................................................................14
5.4 Medieval Period (1066 ­ 1499)................................................................14 5.5 Post-Medieval Period (1500 - 1799)........................................................15 5.6 Modern Period (1800 - present)..............................................................15 6 FINDS .................................................................................................................16 6.1 Introduction..............................................................................................16 6.2 Pottery.......................................................................................................16 6.3 Clay Pipes..................................................................................................18

Headings

LONDON BOROUGH OF ISLINGTON
Carden and Godfrey
9 Broad Court,
50 Westminster Bridge Road
Non Technical Summary
REPORT ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF
Acknowledgements
REPORT ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Background
1.2 Planning Background
1.3 Site Location, Topography and Geology
2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND
2.1 Introduction
2.3 Romano-British (AD 43 - 410)
2.4 Medieval (1066 - 1499)
2.4.3 By the 14th
2.5 Post-Medieval / Modern (1500 to present)
2.5.15 By the beginning of the 19th
3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
4 PROJECT METHODS
4.1 Health and Safety
4.2 Methodological Standards
4.3 Fieldwork
4.3.6 Spoil was visually scanned for finds.
4.4 Finds Collection and Retention
5 RESULTS
5.1 Character of Sequence and Site Stratigraphy
5.2 Natural Geology
5.3 Romano-British Period (AD 43 ­ 410)
5.4 Medieval Period (1066 ­ 1499)
5.5 Post-Medieval Period (1500 - 1799)
5.6 Modern Period (1800 - present)
6 FINDS
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Pottery
Romano-British
Medieval
Post-Medieval
6.3 Clay Pipes
6.4 Glass
6.5 Other Finds
7 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
7.1.5 Post-medieval activity on Site dating from the 16th
8 ARCHIVE
3. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Department of Greater London
Archaeology
Islington. Archaeological London of Islington. Archaeological
10 APPENDIX 1: TRENCH SUMMARY TABLES
01 Wooden floor joist Construction 17.90m
02 Concrete floor Construction 17.80m
03 Wooden plank Construction 17.74m
29 Concrete footing for wall Construction 16.60m
44 Rubble Deposit 18.00m
46 Modern Pile, concrete Construction 18.00m
47 Modern Pile Cut 18.00m
59 Concrete slab Construction 17.00m
61 Brick and concrete wall footings Construction 16.20m
64 Mid orange silty clay Deposit 16.30m
68 Concrete Foundations Construction 17.00m
72 Wall, brick and mortar Construction 18.00m
84 Wall red brick and mortar Construction 18.00m
85 Concrete service pipe Construction 17.00m
40 Mid grey silt clay Deposit 17.00m
41 Orange sandy clay Deposit 16.20m
42 Orange grey sandy silty clay Deposit 16.00m
94 Dark grey brown silty clay Deposit 16.40m
78 Base of concrete steps Construction 17.00m
80 Stair well, red brick Construction 17.00m
41 Orange sandy clay Deposit 16.40m
Wessex
Wessex