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Report Title
Longdales Road, Kings Norton, Birmingham: 2006 Excavations, Post-Excavation Assessment
Publisher and Publication Year
Birmingham Archaeology - 2007
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Summary
SUMMARY The third in a series of archaeological excavations was undertaken at Longdales Road, Kings Norton, Birmingham (centred on NGR. SP 05337761), in August-September 2006. This report describes the results of the most recent fieldwork and provides proposals to being the results to publication. The fieldwork was undertaken by Birmingham Archaeology on instruction from Birmingham City Council, and was undertaken in advance of a cemetery development. The excavation followed an initial archaeological evaluation in 2002 which identified remains of possible field boundaries and a pebble surface adjoining Icknield Street. Earlier archaeological excavation elsewhere within the cemetery development excavated a triple ditched enclosure, probably used for the corralling of livestock. A second focus of activity was located by excavation in 2003-4, also to the rear of the Icknield Street frontage, comprising ditched enclosure boundaries, cobbled surfaces, pits and post-holes. The pottery dating indicates that the site was in use from the 2nd to the early 4th century. Two areas were excavated in 2006, one immediately adjoining the Icknield Street road frontage. The earliest activity probably comprised the layout of ditched plot boundaries at right-angles to the Roman road. The full width of three plots (A-C), and part of a fourth plot (D) were recorded within the area investigated. The plot boundaries were further defined by metalled roads adjoining the ditched boundaries. The excavated part of the Plot A road frontage comprised a metalled surface, possibly used as a hardstanding for storage, which was not continued along the frontage area of the other excavated plots to the north. Plot B contained a rectangular ditched enclosure within which was sited part of ring-gully. Plot C also contained a ring-gully, which may have been in use in late Phase 1-early Phase 2. Phase 2 activity was in general more limited. The main Phase 2 feature was the northeastern angle of a ditched enclosure, cut through the two Phase 1 road surfaces in Plot A. This enclosure was associated with an east-west aligned ditch. Further to the north the only Phase 2 feature was a large pit. With the exception of the Phase 1 Plot B enclosure, activity was concentrated away from the road frontage, most notably in Phase 2. The pottery from Phase 1 contexts was dated mainly in the second half of the 2nd-3rd century. This material included Severn Valley ware jars and bowls, a Malvernian tubby cooking pot, and Black Burnished ware. Phase 2 activity was dated to the late 3rd-4th century. It included Severn Valley jars and tankards, and mortaria from Oxfordshire and Mancetter Hartshill. Birmingham Archaeology iii Longdales Road: Archaeological Evaluation 2005 LONGDALES ROAD, KINGS NORTON, BIRMINGHAM ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION 2006 POST-EXCAVATION ASSESSMENT-----------------------------
Table of Contents
POST-EXCAVATION ASSESSMENT CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE PROJECT ........................................................................ 1 1.2 AIMS ...................................................................................................... 3 2 METHODOLOGY............................................................................................ 3 3 RESULTS ...................................................................................................... 4 3.1 PHASING ................................................................................................. 4 3.2 PHASE 1.................................................................................................. 4 Plot A........................................................................................................... 4 Plot B........................................................................................................... 5 Plot C........................................................................................................... 7 Plot D .......................................................................................................... 8 Dating evidence............................................................................................. 8 3.3 PHASE 2.................................................................................................. 9 Dating evidence........................................................................................... 10 4 ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................. 10 4.1 QUANTIFICATIONS..................................................................................... 10 4.2 SMALL FINDS........................................................................................... 11 4.3 POTTERY BY JANE EVANS ............................................................................. 11 Dating........................................................................................................ 13 Sources...................................................................................................... 14 Recommendations ....................................................................................... 14 4.4 CHARRED PLANT REMAINS BY VAL FRYER ........................................................... 14 Introduction and method statement ............................................................... 14 Results....................................................................................................... 14 Conclusions and recommendations for further work .......................................... 15 KEY TO TABLES .................................................................................................. 17 5 UPDATED PROJECT DESIGN ....................................................................... 17 5.1 GENERAL ............................................................................................... 17 Chronology ................................................................................................. 17 Site function and morphology: changes .......................................................... 18 Site economy and function............................................................................ 19 Site function and status................................................................................ 19 Roman, and post-Roman landscape archaeology .............................................. 20 5.2 LIST OF UPDATED AIMS ............................................................................... 20 6 PUBLICATION SYNOPSIS ........................................................................... 20 Text........................................................................................................... 21 Figures....................................................................................................... 21 8 TASK LIST ............................................................................................... 227 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................... 23 8 REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 23 Figures 1 Location of site within Birmingham
Tables 1 Archive quantification 2 Finds quantification 3 Pottery, summary by context 4 Charred plant remains, assessment results 5 Charred plant remains, contexts assessed
Figures 1 Site location 2 Site location, topography and alignment of Roman road 3 Areas investigated (A-D) 4 Simplified plan, Phase 1-2 features 5 Detailed plans of ring-gullies 6 Phase 1 plan 7 Phase 1 sections 8 Phase 2 plan 9 Phase 2 sections 10 Pottery
1 Project management AJ 1 2 Site archive/update phasing/plans BB 4 3 Data entry BB 3 4 Prepare detailed site plans/sections: roughs BB 2
5 Project management AEJ 1 6 Roman pottery recording JE 3 7 Update database/finds management EM 1 8 Samian/ mortarium recording FW/KH 1/1 9 Prepare plans and sections ND 2 10 Prepare pottery illustrations ND 1 11 Library research AEJ 1 12 Roman coarse pottery reporting/discussion JE 3 13 Update stratigraphic text AEJ 1 14 Draft discussion AEJ 1 15 Corrections to illustrations ND 1
18 Draft final discussion and synthesis AEJ 2 19 Corrections to drawings ND 0.5 20 Prepare archive BB 2 21 Liaison with referees/final corrections AEJ 1 22 Deposit archive - 1
Headings
3 Areas excavated in 2006, simplified planSUMMARY
POST-EXCAVATION ASSESSMENT
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the project
1.2 Aims
2 METHODOLOGY
3 RESULTS
3.1 Phasing
3.2 Phase 1
Plot A
Plot B
Plot C
Plot D
3.3 Phase 2
4 ASSESSMENT
4.1 Quantifications
4.2 Small finds
4.3 Pottery by Jane Evans
Dating
Sources
Recommendations
4.4 Charred plant remains by Val Fryer
Results
5 UPDATED PROJECT DESIGN
5.1 General
Chronology
5.2 List of updated aims
6 PUBLICATION SYNOPSIS
Discussion
8 TASK LIST
16 Project management AEJ 1
7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
8 REFERENCES