NORTH PENNINES HERITAGE TRUST
Project Designs and Client Reports No. CP/42/03
REPORT ON
AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL
WATCHING BRIEF ON LAND AT FLEMING SQUARE
MARYPORT CUMBRIA
NGR: NY 0366 3677
FOR THOMAS ARMSTRONG
(CONSTRUCTION) LIMITED
Planning Application Reference 2/02/1008
D Miller BA 9th July 2003
North Pennines Heritage Trust Nenthead Mines Heritage Centre,
Nenthead Alston
Cumbria CA9 3PD Tel: (01434) 382045
Fax: (01434) 382294 Email: np.ht@virgin.net
North Pennines Heritage Trust is a registered charity Registered in England No. 700701 VAT Reg. Number 621 2804 76
CONTENTS
Page
1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1
2. SITE LOCATION ....................................................................................... 1
3. AIMS AND METHODOLOGY ................................................................ 1
3.1 Desk-Based Assessment ............................................................................... 1
3.2 Watching Brief .............................................................................................. 1
3.3 Project Archive ............................................................................................. 1
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND ................................................. 3
5. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ............................................................... 4
5.1 Place Name Evidence ................................................................................... 4
5.2 Prehistoric Settlement ................................................................................... 4
5.3 Roman Settlement ......................................................................................... 4
5.4 Medieval Settlement ..................................................................................... 5
5.5 Post-Medieval Period .................................................................................... 5
5.6 Modern Period .............................................................................................. 6
6. RESULTS .................................................................................................... 7
7. THE FINDS ................................................................................................. 7
8. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................ 8
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................... 8
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 1 Site location 2
Figure 2 Ordnance Survey 1970 (Revised) Edition 10
Figure 3 Ordnance Survey 1st Edition 11
Figure 4 Ordnance Survey 2nd Edition 12
Figure 5 Ordnance Survey 3rd Edition 13
Figure 6 Site Plan 14
Figure 7 South-East Corner of Site 15
Figure 8 Central Part of Site 16
LIST OF PLATES
Page
Plate 1 Fleming Square in the late 19th Century, looking south 17
Plate 2 Fleming Square in the late 19th Century, looking north 17
Plate 3 Fleming Square in the 1970s, looking south east 18
Plate 4 The site during excavation, looking north 19
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks are due to the staff at the Cumbria Record Offices in Carlisle and Whitehaven, to Bette Hopkins of Cumbria County Council Archaeology Service and to Mr Denis Noble of Thomas Armstrong Construction Ltd. The fieldwork was undertaken and report written by Daniel Miller. The report was edited by Juliet Reeves and approved by Frank Giecco, Principal Archaeologist.
Client Report iii
NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY
Between March and April 2003, North Pennines Heritage Trust maintained an archaeological watching brief of works on land at Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria, on behalf of Thomas Armstrong (Construction) Ltd. This work was set out in a brief provided by Cumbria County Council Archaeology Service. This work included the monitoring of all ground-works and the recording of archaeological deposits observed within.
The partial remains of 19th century Market House and the remains, at foundation level, of two 20th century structures were observed within the excavations. Also observed were the remains of smaller structures possibly related to the Market House phase. Extensive levelling had taken place across the site during the 20th century, causing poor survival of archaeological remains.
This report fulfils the requirements set out in the project brief and concludes archaeological work on the site.
Client Report iv
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 North Pennines Heritage Trust was commissioned by Mr D J Noble of Thomas Armstrong Construction Limited, to maintain an archaeological watching brief on land at Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria. This was in order to satisfy the requirements of the brief provided by Cumbria County Council Archaeology Service. This report fulfils that requirement and concludes archaeological work on the site.
2. SITE LOCATION
2.1 Fleming Square is situated at the north end of the town of Maryport, within the area of the 18th century planned town established by Humphrey Senhouse. The site consisted of a cobbled square on the site of the former Market House. The area is defined in figure 1.
3. AIMS AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Desk-Based Assessment
3.1.1 Existing archaeological information was obtained from the Cumbria County Council Sites and Monuments Record and from the County Record Office, Whitehaven. This involved the collection of all readily available documentary, cartographic and aerial photographic material in order to assess the potential of the archaeological resource within the study area, which found a number of features of archaeological interest. Information was also collected regarding previous work undertaken in the area.
3.2 Watching Brief
3.2.1 The principal aims of the watching brief were to allow, within the resources available, the preservation by record of archaeological deposits, the presence and nature of which could not be established in advance of development or other potentially disruptive works (Institute of Field Archaeologists, 1994).
3.2.2 The watching brief involved the supervision of all groundworks, including topsoil stripping and the excavation of foundation and service trenches.
3.3 Project Archive
3.3.1 The full archive has been produced to a professional standard in accordance with
the current English Heritage guidelines set out in the Management of Archaeological Projects (MAP) 2nd Edition 1991. The archive will be deposited within the County Record Office and a copy of the report given to the County Sites and Monuments Record where viewing will be available on request.
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
ReproducedfromLandranger�1:50,000scalebypermissionofOrdnanceSurvey�onbehalfoftheControlerofHerMajesty�sStationery Office. �Crown Copyright (2003). All rights reserved. Licence number: WL6488.
Project: Title:
North Pennines Heritage Trust Nenthead Mines Heritage Centre
An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief Figure 1
Nenthead Alston
on land at Fleming Square Maryport Site Location CUMBRIA CA9 3PD Tel: (01434) 382045
Cumbria Fax: (01434) 382294 Email: np.ht@virgin.net
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND
4.1 There has been no direct archaeological investigation on the site of the proposed development. However, there have been a number of excavations and surveys around the area of the Roman fort and elsewhere within the area of the 18th century town.
4.2 There has been a great deal of antiquarian interest in Maryport. In 1599 William Camden described the, then extensive, remains of the Roman fort and vicus as also did William Stukeley in the early 18th century.
4.3 In 1766 the Senhouse family sponsored excavations of the Roman camp, discovering a number of features including the arch of a gate, houses, roofing slate and several finds of glass vessels, mirrors, coins, urns and a Roman bath (see below) (Jackson et al 1960). In 1820 Joseph Robinson excavated four fields to the north east of the fort including the excavation of two temple sites. Bailey found evidence of a Roman wharf structure beneath Motte Hill at Glasson (Bailey 1923).
4.4 Further investigation took place in 1976 when Michael Jarrett undertook a series of small planned excavations. These excavations found a broad chronology for the fort, dating from the early years of the Hadrianic period to c. 400 AD (Jarrett et al 1987). They also defined the extent of stone robbing during the founding of Maryport in the mid 18th century.
4.5 In 1994 Lancaster University Archaeological Unit (LUAU 1994) undertook an excavation at Netherhall Blast Furnace and Coke Ovens located to the south-east of the town. These structures date to 1752 but were demolished in 1963. (Marshall et al 1977).
4.6 A Geophysical Survey of the vicus took place in 2000 (New�s from Hadrian�s Wall 2000). This found the site to be the largest associated with the Hadrianic frontier defence system so far surveyed.
4.7 In 2001 Carlisle Archaeology Ltd maintained a watching brief of land on South Quay, prior to the development of commercial premises. No archaeological deposits were observed within any of the excavations (Reeves, 2001).
4.8 In December 2002 and January 2003, North Pennines Heritage Trust maintained
a watching brief on land adjacent to Irish Street, which found the remains of structures thought to have been associated with the 19th century Wharton�s Foundry (Jones, 2003).
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
5. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
5.1 Place Name Evidence
5.1.1 The place name of Maryport derives from Mary, the wife of the founder of the town, Humphrey Senhouse and port. However, the settlement has a known origin in Roman times with the settlement of Alauna. During the medieval period the settlement was known as Ellenborough from the Saxon Ellen (the name of the local river) and Burgh (meaning fortified place).
5.2 Prehistoric Settlement
5.2.1 There is no known prehistoric settlement within Maryport itself. However, there are a number of significant finds within the area of core settlement. These include a Neolithic stone axe, Bronze Age cup and ring marked stone and finds of Romano British (i.e. native, during the Roman occupation) carved stones.
5.2.2 There are a number of significant prehistoric monuments within the broader region surrounding Maryport. These include Rise How Neolithic site (SMR Pin 840), Rise How Tower Iron Age burial monument (4239), two Bronze Age cremation cemeteries (3092 and 13691) and a Romano-British settlement and trackway (791) at Ewanrigg (Pevsner 1967)
5.3 Roman Settlement
5.3.1 Roman Maryport was an important part of the Hadrianic frontier defence system.
The evidence for Maryport�s Roman past includes a second century fort and vicus, or civilian settlement to the north of the fort. The extensive remains of fort and vicus were substantial up until the early eighteenth century and have attracted antiquarian interest. In 1599 William Camden described the remains as having�manyexpressefootings� areevidentlytobeseen.Theancientvaults stand open, and many altars, stones with inscriptions and statues are here gotton out of the ground.� (Camden 1599, CCCAS 2000, 3). William Stukeley described the vicus, indicating �the streets were paved in flagstones, �visibly worn with use� (from Wilson 1997, 29). A Geophysical survey in 2000 discovered the extent of the vicus, the largest of the second century frontier defence system so far surveyed.
5.3.2 Excavations of the camp by the Senhouse family in 1766 found the arch of a gate
and houses which had been �burned to the ground and rebuilt�, roofing slates, glass vessels, mirrors, coins, urns (Jackson et al 1969) and a Roman bath (Collingwood 1936). In 1880 Joseph Robinson excavated four fields to the north east of the fort, finding road surfaces, strip houses and other buildings, two of which believed to be temples (Robinson 1880, Wilson 1997, 29).
5.3.3 In the 1920s Bailey excavated evidence of a wharf structure in the form of a massive retaining wall at Ellenborough Place, Glasson. Bailey concluded Maryport was the chief naval station at the time of the construction Hadrian�s Wall.
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
5.3.4 Further excavation in 1976 (Jarrett et al 1987) discovered that the fort was constructed during the early Hadrianic period and continued in use until circa. 400 AD.
5.4 Medieval Settlement
5.4.1 The presence of a substantial mote or Castlemound,�adamagedearthwork of
12th centurydate�(CCCAS2000,7)indicatesthetown�simportanceduringthe later middle ages. Situated at the end of a steep sided spur to the south of the town, in a loop of the River Ellen, it commands a strong defensive position over the harbour to the west and over the town to the south and east.
5.4.2 The De Scheftling family owned the medieval Manor of Ellenborough until the Eaglesfields bought it during the reign of Edward I (1272-1307). The Senhouse family acquired the Manor in 1528 through the marriage of John Senhouse to Elizabeth Eaglesfield. It is likely that the town continued to be an important port and administrative centre throughout the medieval period.
5.4.3 Other structures of medieval date occur within the broader region, such as Netherhall tower house, a probable fifteenth century building built from Roman dressed stone and the traces of a deserted medieval village once existed in the area immediately north of the Roman fort and vicus.
5.5 Post-Medieval Period
5.5.1 In 1748 an Act of Parliament was passed giving Humphrey Senhouse the authority to create a planned town following the opening of Ellenborough coliery in 1740 (Jackson et al 1969). Nicolson and Burn wrote �In 1747 the number of families in this parish was certified as 64 � but an harbour having been since made at Elnefoot and a town there built named Maryport, the number offamiliesisgreatlyincreased� itiscomputedthereareabout340familiesin thattownonly.�(NicolsonandBurn1777fromHughes(1964,306).
5.5.2 A second Act of Parliament was passed in 1756 which saw further expansion of the town. In 1765 a ship building yard opened on Strand Street by North Quay. The Extensive Urban Survey makes reference to �a former patent slip buried undertheshinglefacingthenorthharbour�(CCCAS 2000). The shells of some associated buildings adjoin Strand Street and the former Ritsons Yard opposite Castle Hill has a patent slip with masonry still visible on the Glasson side of the river.
5.5.3 In 1752 a Glass Works and Pot Mill were established on either side of Irish Street. The Glass Works (SMR pin 3577) was in fact a small glass bottle works, �a rare example of this class of monument� and provides a unique example for the study of such works at a time of experimentation with furnace and crucible design (from the SMR entry notes).
Shown on a 1745 map, the works is a
scheduled monument.
5.5.4 In 1756 a Paper Mill was built on Paper Mill Green, beneath Motte Hill across the river Ellen from Irish Street and a brewery (the Old Brewery) was built at the corner of High Street and Wood Street.
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
5.5.5 In 1766 William Blennerhasset, Lord of the Manor of Flimby, took a grant of land to export coal mined a Flimby from the port. Door lintels survive either side of the entrance to Crown Inn Yard marked withtheinitials�WB�.
5.5.6 The prosperity of the town continued to grow, and by 1770 the ground rents amounted to �87 11s per annum and anchorage dues of �21 (Hughes 1964, 10). However, this prosperity was short lived as Maryport suffered for the Continental Blockade during the Napoleonic Wars and the Wars of American Independence robbed the town of important trade. Maryport further declined with the loss of secondary industries with the closing of the Glass Works towards the end of the 18th century. Bread riots in 1817 emphasise the continuing struggle following the war with France and consequent unemployment and poverty. In 1838 the port became officially subordinate to Whitehaven.
5.5.7 However, the coal industry continued to flourish and from 1819 ships were launched from the yards and by 1854 more coal was shipped from Maryport than from the rest of the Cumbrian ports combined. This saw a dramatic increase in industrial activity within the harbour area between 1850 and 1900.
5.5.8 A timber yard and sawmill were in existence on Irish Street from the 1850s and are visible on the Ordnance Survey 1st Edition. The railway was upgraded from the original wagonway providing transport links between the collieries and the port. Between 1850 and 1900 an Iron and BrassFoundry(J.Wharton�sPhoenix Foundry) can be seen between Irish Street and Elizabeth Dock as the Saw Mill and Timber Yard have been relocated further south in order to accommodate the foundry buildings. A further development is the creation of a second major dock (Senhouse Dock) in the bay west of Elizabeth Dock.
By 1925 the industrial complex behind Irish Street was further increased in complexity and a number of buildings are visible on the Ordnance Survey 3rd Edition. Maryport suffered a further slump in prosperity when the Prince of Wales Dock at Workington was constructed in 1927.
5.5.9 In the 19th century a Market House was built in the centre of Fleming Square, visible on the Ordnance Survey 1st Edition (1865). The Market House is believed to have been constructed in the 1850s, and had been extended by 1880 (Jackson 1990a). Late 19th century photographs show the square and the Market House on market day (Jackson 1990a, 1990b).
5.6 Modern Period
5.6.1 The Ordnance Survey 3rd Edition (Figure 5) shows that the Market House was still standing in 1925, but the 1970 Edition (Figure 2) indicates that it had been removed before this date. Since the 1970s the square has remained an open area used for recreation.
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
6. RESULTS
6.1 The work was undertaken under the overall management of Frank Giecco, BA, Dip Arch AIFA, North Pennines Heritage Trust Principal Archaeologist. The fieldwork and preparation of the report text was undertaken by Daniel Miller BA. The report was edited by Juliet Reeves BA and the final draft compiled by Chris Jones, BA, MA, PIFA. All staff are experienced archaeologists with significant experience of urban and rural sites.
6.2 The watching brief was maintained for a total of eight days.
6.3 The area under excavation consisted of a large circular area in the centre of Fleming Square, with four radiating pathways extending towards each corner. A deeper pit was excavated in the centre of the circular area, which formed the foundation for the obelisk (Figure 6).
6.4 A natural clay substrate (103) was encountered at a depth of c.30 cm.
6.5 The foundations of two mid 20th century structures were observed in the south eastern part of the site (Figure 7). These consisted of mortared brick walls and polished concrete ground slabs. One of these slabs showed clear evidence of truncation consisted with a remodelling of the contours of the square immediately prior to the laying of the cobble surface.
6.6 The remains of the Market House survived best towards the northern part of the square, where a single coursed sandstone foundation has survived. Foundation trenches were also visible from which the stonework had been robbed out. Little survived towards the southern half of the square, where there is evidence of major truncation.
6.7 A salt-glazed�downpipe�(probably late 19th century) was observed to the north of the site, running beneath one of the structures (Figure 7). Drain pipes can also be seen on the corners of the Market House in photographs taken in the late 19th century (Jackson 1990a, 1990b).
6.8 A recessed brick structure (112), constructed from fireproof bricks in its upper courses, and with a concrete floor was observed in the central area of the square (Figure 8)..The use of concrete is suggestive of an early 20th century date for this structure.
6.9 A north-south oriented wall (111) was observed in the mid part of the square, about 0.5 m east of the remains of the Market House foundations. This wall appeared to run parallel to the eastern wall of the Market House. This presumably post dates the Market House but there is no clear physical relationship between the two.
7. THE FINDS
7.1 No finds were recovered from the watching brief.
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
8. CONCLUSION
8.1 Several structural features were observed within the foundation trenches, each in poor condition. These included the partial remains of the 19th century Market House, a brick wall, and the foundations of two brick structures, both likely to post-date the Market House.
8.2 No other archaeological structures or deposits were observed within any of the excavations.
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bailey, J.B. (1923) Maryport and the Tenth Iter, with further notes on Roman Antiquities. Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society. 23.
CCCAS (2000) Cumbria Extensive Urban Survey. Allerdale District. Kendal: Cumbria County Council Archaeology Service.
Collingwood, R.G. (1936) The Roman Fort and Settlement at Maryport. Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society. 36.
Giecco, F.O. (2003) Project Design for an Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief at Fleming Square, Maryport. North Pennines Heritage Trust Project Designs and Client Reports No. CP/42/03.
Hughes, E. (1964) The Founding of Maryport. Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society. 64: 306-318
IFA (1994) Standards and Guidance for Archaeological Desk-Based Assessments. Reading: Institute of Field Archaeologists.
IFA (1994) Standards and Guidance for Archaeological Watching Briefs. Reading: Institute of Field Archaeologists.
Jackson, H. and Jackson, M. (1969) A History of Maryport AD 78 �1900.
Jackson. H. and Jackson, M. (1990a) Nineteenth Century Maryport.
Jackson, H., and Jackson, M. (1990b) The Maryport Album.
Jackson, H., and Jackson, M. (1993) Street Life in Maryport
Jarrett, M.G. and Stephens, G.R. (1987) The Roman Garrisons of Maryport. Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society. 87.
Jones, C.J. (2002) An Archaeological Desk Based Assessment of land adjacent to 1 Irish Street, Maryport, Cumbria. Unpublished Report, North Pennines Heritage Trust.
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Jones, C.J. (2003) Report on an Archaeological Watching Brief of land adjacent to 1 Irish Street, Maryport, Cumbria. Unpublished Report. North Pennines Heritage Trust.
LUAU (1994) Netherhall Blast Furnace, Maryport, Cumbria �Archaeological Recording. Lancaster University Archaeological Unit. Unpublished report.
Marshall, J.D. and Davies-Shiel, M. (1977) The Industrial Archaeology of the Lake Counties. Beckermet, Cumbria. (2nd Edition).
News From Hadrian�s Wal (2000) New Archaeological Survey at Maryport in Cumbria. 11.
Pevsner, N. (1967) Buildings of Cumberland and Westmorland. Penguin.
Thompson, K. (2000) Images of England: Maryport. Stroud: Tempus.
Wilson, R.J.A. (Ed.) (1997) Roman Maryport and its Setting. Essays in memory of Michael G. Jarrett. Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and
Archaeological Society Monograph.
APPENDIX
N
Project:
An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief Title: North Pennines Heritage Trust Nenthead Mines Heritage Centre
Figure 2 Ordnance Survey 1970 Edition Nenthead Alston
on land at Fleming Square Maryport Scale: 1:2500 �Crown Copyright CUMBRIA CA9 3PD Tel: (01434) 382045
Cumbria Fax: (01434) 382294 Email: np.ht@virgin.net
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Project: Title:
Figure 3 Ordnance Survey 1st Edition North Pennines Heritage Trust Nenthead Mines Heritage Centre
An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief Nenthead Alston
(1848) Scale: 1:10,560
on land at Fleming Square Maryport CUMBRIA CA9 3PD Tel: (01434) 382045
Cumbria �Crown Copyright Fax: (01434) 382294 Email: np.ht@virgin.net
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Project:
An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief Title: North Pennines Heritage Trust Nenthead Mines Heritage Centre
Figure 4
Ordnance Survey 2nd Edition (1901) Nenthead Alston
on land at Fleming Square Maryport Scale: 1:10,560 CUMBRIA CA9 3PD Tel: (01434) 382045
Cumbria �Crown Copyright Fax: (01434) 382294 Email: np.ht@virgin.net
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Project:
An Archaeological Desk- Title: North Pennines Heritage Trust Nenthead Mines Heritage Centre
Figure 5
Ordnance Survey 3rd Edition (1925)
Based Assessment and Watching Brief Scale: 1:10,560 Nenthead Alston
on land at Fleming Square Maryport CUMBRIA CA9 3PD Tel: (01434) 382045
�Crown Copyright
Cumbria Fax: (01434) 382294 Email: np.ht@virgin.net
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Archaeological features shown in blue. More detailed Figures A = Extent of Early Market House, extrapolated from 1864 OS map
indicated by dashed boxes
Fleming Place (road)
Northern edge of cobbles
Pavement Scale = 1 : 350 N.
Buildings along eastern side of Square A B Figure 8 B A 98.00m 98.00m
Figure 7
A/B A/B
97.00m
Excavated area
Perimeter Trees �
brick settings
Project: North Pennines Heritage Trust
Figure 6
Title
Nenthead Mines Heritage Centre Nenthead, Alston
An Archaeological Desk- Based Assessment and Site Plan Cumbria CA9 3PD Tel: (01434) 382045
Watching Brief
on land at Fleming Square Drawn by: DM Scale: 1:350 Email: np.ht@virgin.net
Maryport Cumbria
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Project: Title:
An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief Figure 7 North Pennines Heritage Trust Nenthead Mines Heritage Centre
Nenthead Alston
on land at Fleming Square Maryport South East Corner CUMBRIA CA9 3PD Tel: (01434) 382045
Cumbria
Fax: (01434) 382294 Email: np.ht@virgin.net
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Project: Title:
An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief Figure 8 North Pennines Heritage Trust Nenthead Mines Heritage Centre
Nenthead Alston
on land at Fleming Square Maryport Central Area CUMBRIA CA9 3PD Tel: (01434) 382045
Cumbria
Fax: (01434) 382294 Email: np.ht@virgin.net
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Plate 1: (Above) Market Square in the late 19th century, looking south. (Jackson 1990a) Plate 2: (Below) Fleming Square in the late 19th century, looking north (Jackson 1990b)
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Plate 3: Fleming Square in the 1970s, looking south-east. (Jackson 1993)
Fleming Square, Maryport, Cumbria
North Pennines Heritage Trust Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Watching Brief
Plate 4: The site during excavation, looking north. (Photo: D Miller)